kubernetes 部署私有 docker registry

原创
半兽人 发表于: 2017-09-26   最后更新时间: 2019-08-14 21:14:08  
{{totalSubscript}} 订阅, 7,252 游览

tags: registry, ceph

10.部署私有 docker registry

注意:本文档介绍使用 docker 官方的 registry v2 镜像部署私有仓库的步骤,你也可以部署 Harbor 私有仓库(部署 Harbor 私有仓库)。

本文档讲解部署一个 TLS 加密、HTTP Basic 认证、用 ceph rgw 做后端存储的私有 docker registry 步骤,如果使用其它类型的后端存储,则可以从 “创建 docker registry” 节开始;

示例两台机器 IP 如下:

  • ceph rgw: 172.27.132.66
  • docker registry: 172.27.132.67

部署 ceph RGW 节点

$ ceph-deploy rgw create 172.27.132.66 # rgw 默认监听7480端口
$

创建测试账号 demo

$ radosgw-admin user create --uid=demo --display-name="ceph rgw demo user"
$

创建 demo 账号的子账号 swift

当前 registry 只支持使用 swift 协议访问 ceph rgw 存储,暂时不支持 s3 协议;

$ radosgw-admin subuser create --uid demo --subuser=demo:swift --access=full --secret=secretkey --key-type=swift
$

创建 demo:swift 子账号的 sercret key

$ radosgw-admin key create --subuser=demo:swift --key-type=swift --gen-secret
{
    "user_id": "demo",
    "display_name": "ceph rgw demo user",
    "email": "",
    "suspended": 0,
    "max_buckets": 1000,
    "auid": 0,
    "subusers": [
        {
            "id": "demo:swift",
            "permissions": "full-control"
        }
    ],
    "keys": [
        {
            "user": "demo",
            "access_key": "5Y1B1SIJ2YHKEHO5U36B",
            "secret_key": "nrIvtPqUj7pUlccLYPuR3ntVzIa50DToIpe7xFjT"
        }
    ],
    "swift_keys": [
        {
            "user": "demo:swift",
            "secret_key": "ttQcU1O17DFQ4I9xzKqwgUe7WIYYX99zhcIfU9vb"
        }
    ],
    "caps": [],
    "op_mask": "read, write, delete",
    "default_placement": "",
    "placement_tags": [],
    "bucket_quota": {
        "enabled": false,
        "max_size_kb": -1,
        "max_objects": -1
    },
    "user_quota": {
        "enabled": false,
        "max_size_kb": -1,
        "max_objects": -1
    },
        "temp_url_keys": []
}
  • ttQcU1O17DFQ4I9xzKqwgUe7WIYYX99zhcIfU9vb 为子账号 demo:swift 的 secret key;

创建 docker registry

创建 registry 使用的 x509 证书

$ mkdir -p registry/{auth,certs}
$ cat > registry-csr.json <<EOF
{
  "CN": "registry",
  "hosts": [
      "127.0.0.1",
      "172.27.132.67"
  ],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "4Paradigm"
    }
  ]
}
EOF
$ cfssl gencert -ca=/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem \
    -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca-key.pem \
    -config=/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca-config.json \
    -profile=kubernetes registry-csr.json | cfssljson -bare registry
$ cp registry.pem registry-key.pem registry/certs
$
  • 这里复用以前创建的 CA 证书和秘钥文件;
  • hosts 字段指定 registry 的 NodeIP;

创建 HTTP Baisc 认证文件

$ docker run --entrypoint htpasswd registry:2 -Bbn foo foo123  > registry/auth/htpasswd
$ cat  registry/auth/htpasswd
foo:$2y$05$iZaM45Jxlcg0DJKXZMggLOibAsHLGybyU.CgU9AHqWcVDyBjiScN.

配置 registry 参数

export RGW_AUTH_URL="https://172.27.132.66:7480/auth/v1"
export RGW_USER="demo:swift"
export RGW_SECRET_KEY="ttQcU1O17DFQ4I9xzKqwgUe7WIYYX99zhcIfU9vb"
cat > config.yml << EOF
# https://docs.docker.com/registry/configuration/#list-of-configuration-options
version: 0.1
log:
  level: info
  fromatter: text
  fields:
    service: registry

storage:
  cache:
    blobdescriptor: inmemory
  delete:
    enabled: true
  swift:
    authurl: ${RGW_AUTH_URL}
    username: ${RGW_USER}
    password: ${RGW_SECRET_KEY}
    container: registry

auth:
  htpasswd:
    realm: basic-realm
    path: /auth/htpasswd

https:
  addr: 0.0.0.0:8000
  headers:
    X-Content-Type-Options: [nosniff]
  tls:
    certificate: /certs/registry.pem
    key: /certs/registry-key.pem

health:
  storagedriver:
    enabled: true
    interval: 10s
    threshold: 3
EOF
[k8s@kube-node1 cert]$ cp config.yml registry
[k8s@kube-node1 cert]$ scp -r registry 172.27.132.67:/opt/k8s
  • storage.swift 指定后端使用 swfit 接口协议的存储,这里配置的是 ceph rgw 存储参数;
  • auth.htpasswd 指定了 HTTP Basic 认证的 token 文件路径;
  • http.tls 指定了 registry http 服务器的证书和秘钥文件路径;

创建 docker registry

ssh k8s@172.27.132.67
$ docker run -d -p 8000:8000 --privileged \
    -v /opt/k8s/registry/auth/:/auth \
    -v /opt/k8s/registry/certs:/certs \
    -v /opt/k8s/registry/config.yml:/etc/docker/registry/config.yml \
    --name registry registry:2
  • 执行该 docker run 命令的机器 IP 为 172.27.132.67;

向 registry push image

将签署 registry 证书的 CA 证书拷贝到 /etc/docker/certs.d/172.27.132.67:8000 目录下

[k8s@kube-node1 cert]$ sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker/certs.d/172.27.132.67:8000
[k8s@kube-node1 cert]$ sudo cp /etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem /etc/docker/certs.d/172.27.132.67:8000/ca.crt

登陆私有 registry

$ docker login 172.27.132.67:8000
Username: foo
Password:
Login Succeeded

登陆信息被写入 ~/.docker/config.json 文件

$ cat ~/.docker/config.json
{
        "auths": {
                "172.27.132.67:8000": {
                        "auth": "Zm9vOmZvbzEyMw=="
                }
        }
}

将本地的 image 打上私有 registry 的 tag

$ docker tag prom/node-exporter:v0.16.0 172.27.132.67:8000/prom/node-exporter:v0.16.0
$ docker images |grep pause
prom/node-exporter:v0.16.0                            latest              f9d5de079539        2 years ago         239.8 kB
172.27.132.67:8000/prom/node-exporter:v0.16.0                        latest              f9d5de079539        2 years ago         239.8 kB

将 image push 到私有 registry

$ docker push 172.27.132.67:8000/prom/node-exporter:v0.16.0
The push refers to a repository [172.27.132.67:8000/prom/node-exporter:v0.16.0]
5f70bf18a086: Pushed
e16a89738269: Pushed
latest: digest: sha256:9a6b437e896acad3f5a2a8084625fdd4177b2e7124ee943af642259f2f283359 size: 916

查看 ceph 上是否已经有 push 的 pause 容器文件

[k8s@kube-node1 ~]$ rados lspools
rbd
cephfs_data
cephfs_metadata
.rgw.root
k8s
default.rgw.control
default.rgw.meta
default.rgw.log
default.rgw.buckets.index
default.rgw.buckets.data

[k8s@kube-node1 ~]$  rados --pool default.rgw.buckets.data ls|grep node-exporter
1f3f02c4-fe58-4626-992b-c6c0fe4c8acf.34107.1_files/docker/registry/v2/repositories/prom/node-exporter/_layers/sha256/cdb7590af5f064887f3d6008d46be65e929c74250d747813d85199e04fc70463/link
1f3f02c4-fe58-4626-992b-c6c0fe4c8acf.34107.1_files/docker/registry/v2/repositories/prom/node-exporter/_manifests/revisions/sha256/55302581333c43d540db0e144cf9e7735423117a733cdec27716d87254221086/link
1f3f02c4-fe58-4626-992b-c6c0fe4c8acf.34107.1_files/docker/registry/v2/repositories/prom/node-exporter/_manifests/tags/v0.16.0/current/link
1f3f02c4-fe58-4626-992b-c6c0fe4c8acf.34107.1_files/docker/registry/v2/repositories/prom/node-exporter/_manifests/tags/v0.16.0/index/sha256/55302581333c43d540db0e144cf9e7735423117a733cdec27716d87254221086/link
1f3f02c4-fe58-4626-992b-c6c0fe4c8acf.34107.1_files/docker/registry/v2/repositories/prom/node-exporter/_layers/sha256/224a21997e8ca8514d42eb2ed98b19a7ee2537bce0b3a26b8dff510ab637f15c/link
1f3f02c4-fe58-4626-992b-c6c0fe4c8acf.34107.1_files/docker/registry/v2/repositories/prom/node-exporter/_layers/sha256/528dda9cf23d0fad80347749d6d06229b9a19903e49b7177d5f4f58736538d4e/link
1f3f02c4-fe58-4626-992b-c6c0fe4c8acf.34107.1_files/docker/registry/v2/repositories/prom/node-exporter/_layers/sha256/188af75e2de0203eac7c6e982feff45f9c340eaac4c7a0f59129712524fa2984/link

私有 registry 的运维操作

查询私有镜像中的 images

[k8s@kube-node1 ~]$ curl  --user foo:foo123 --cacert /etc/docker/certs.d/172.27.132.67\:8000/ca.crt https://172.27.132.67:8000/v2/_catalog
{"repositories":["prom/node-exporter"]}

查询某个镜像的 tags 列表

[k8s@kube-node1 ~]$  curl  --user foo:foo123 --cacert /etc/docker/certs.d/172.27.132.67\:8000/ca.crt https://172.27.132.67:8000/v2/prom/node-exporter/tags/list
{"name":"prom/node-exporter","tags":["v0.16.0"]}

获取 image 或 layer 的 digest

v2/<repoName>/manifests/<tagName> 发 GET 请求,从响应的头部 Docker-Content-Digest 获取 image digest,从响应的 body 的 fsLayers.blobSum 中获取 layDigests;

注意,必须包含请求头:Accept: application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json

[k8s@kube-node1 ~]$ curl -v -H "Accept: application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json" --user foo:foo123 --cacert /etc/docker/certs.d/172.27.132.67\:8000/ca.crt https://172.27.132.67:8000/v2/prom/node-exporter/manifests/v0.16.0
* About to connect() to 172.27.132.67 port 8000 (#0)
*   Trying 172.27.132.67...
* Connected to 172.27.132.67 (172.27.132.67) port 8000 (#0)
* Initializing NSS with certpath: sql:/etc/pki/nssdb
*   CAfile: /etc/docker/certs.d/172.27.132.67:8000/ca.crt
  CApath: none
* SSL connection using TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
* Server certificate:
*       subject: CN=registry,OU=4Paradigm,O=k8s,L=BeiJing,ST=BeiJing,C=CN
*       start date: Jul 05 12:52:00 2018 GMT
*       expire date: Jul 02 12:52:00 2028 GMT
*       common name: registry
*       issuer: CN=kubernetes,OU=4Paradigm,O=k8s,L=BeiJing,ST=BeiJing,C=CN
* Server auth using Basic with user 'foo'
> GET /v2/prom/node-exporter/manifests/v0.16.0 HTTP/1.1
> Authorization: Basic Zm9vOmZvbzEyMw==
> User-Agent: curl/7.29.0
> Host: 172.27.132.67:8000
> Accept: application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json
>
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Content-Length: 949
< Content-Type: application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json
< Docker-Content-Digest: sha256:55302581333c43d540db0e144cf9e7735423117a733cdec27716d87254221086
< Docker-Distribution-Api-Version: registry/2.0
< Etag: "sha256:55302581333c43d540db0e144cf9e7735423117a733cdec27716d87254221086"
< X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
< Date: Fri, 06 Jul 2018 06:18:41 GMT
<
{
   "schemaVersion": 2,
   "mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json",
   "config": {
      "mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.container.image.v1+json",
      "size": 3511,
      "digest": "sha256:188af75e2de0203eac7c6e982feff45f9c340eaac4c7a0f59129712524fa2984"
   },
   "layers": [
      {
         "mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip",
         "size": 2392417,
         "digest": "sha256:224a21997e8ca8514d42eb2ed98b19a7ee2537bce0b3a26b8dff510ab637f15c"
      },
      {
         "mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip",
         "size": 560703,
         "digest": "sha256:cdb7590af5f064887f3d6008d46be65e929c74250d747813d85199e04fc70463"
      },
      {
         "mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip",
         "size": 5332460,
         "digest": "sha256:528dda9cf23d0fad80347749d6d06229b9a19903e49b7177d5f4f58736538d4e"
      }
   ]

删除 image

/v2/<name>/manifests/<reference> 发送 DELETE 请求,reference 为上一步返回的 Docker-Content-Digest 字段内容:

$ curl -X DELETE  --user foo:foo123 --cacert /etc/docker/certs.d/172.27.132.67\:8000/ca.crt https://172.27.132.67:8000/v2/prom/node-exporter/manifests/sha256:68effe31a4ae8312e47f54bec52d1fc925908009ce7e6f734e1b54a4169081c5
$

删除 layer

/v2/<name>/blobs/<digest>发送 DELETE 请求,其中 digest 是上一步返回的 fsLayers.blobSum 字段内容:

$ curl -X DELETE  --user foo:foo123 --cacert /etc/docker/certs.d/172.27.132.67\:8000/ca.crt https://172.27.132.67:8000/v2/prom/node-exporter/blobs/sha256:a3ed95caeb02ffe68cdd9fd84406680ae93d633cb16422d00e8a7c22955b46d4
$ curl -X DELETE  --cacert /etc/docker/certs.d/172.27.132.67\:8000/ca.crt https://172.27.132.67:8000/v2/prom/node-exporter/blobs/sha256:04176c8b224aa0eb9942af765f66dae866f436e75acef028fe44b8a98e045515
$

常见问题

login 失败 416

执行 https://docs.ceph.com/docs/master/install/install-ceph-gateway/ 里面的 s3 test.py 程序失败:

[k8s@kube-node1 cert]$ python s3test.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "s3test.py", line 12, in
bucket = conn.create_bucket('my-new-bucket')
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/boto/s3/connection.py", line 625, in create_bucket
response.status, response.reason, body)
boto.exception.S3ResponseError: S3ResponseError: 416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable

解决版办法:

  1. 在管理节点上修改 ceph.conf
  2. ceph-deploy config push kube-node1 kube-node2 kube-node3
  3. systemctl restart 'ceph-mds@kube-node3.service'
    systemctl restart ceph-osd@0
    systemctl restart 'ceph-mon@kube-node1.service'
    systemctl restart 'ceph-mgr@kube-node1.service'

For anyone who is hitting this issue
set default pg_num and pgp_num to lower value(8 for example), or set mon_max_pg_per_osd to a high value in ceph.conf
radosgw-admin doesn' throw proper error when internal pool creation fails, hence the upper level error which is very confusing.

https://tracker.ceph.com/issues/21497

login 失败 503

[root@kube-node1 ~]# docker login 172.27.132.67:8000
Username: foo
Password:
Error response from daemon: login attempt to https://172.27.132.67:8000/v2/ failed with status: 503 Service Unavailable

原因: docker run 缺少 --privileged 参数;

更新于 2019-08-14
在线,2小时前登录

查看kubernetes更多相关的文章或提一个关于kubernetes的问题,也可以与我们一起分享文章